Communication networks

 

Types of Communication Networks


In general, a communication network is composed of a set of connections ensuring the routing of information between entities or terminals. It includes ideally: transmitters, receivers, a message, and transmission channels.


The location of the network, the field of application and the distance between the different

terminals, will influence the nature of the communication. We can distinguish three types of

We can distinguish three types of networks according to the distances between the equipment:

- PANs (Personal Area Networks) are very short distance networks

(less than 100 m), which require the immediate proximity of the objects with the device intended to

to connect them to the network. Bluetooth, Z-Wave or ZigBee are examples of PAN technologies.

- LANs (Local Area Networks) are medium-range networks (100 m to a few km)

km), domestic or professional like Wi-Fi.

- WANs (Wide Area Networks) are extended networks, at the scale of a city or a

of a city or a country. On average, their range varies between 5 and 40 km. They are based on

on a network of antennas. Within this group, there are two sub-families :

* LPWAN (Low Power WAN) networks, such as Sigfox or LoRa networks,

characterized by a very low power consumption;

* GSM/LTE type telephony networks, or those based on the NBIoT standard.






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